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The Virus
2.1 Properties
Pestiviruses have a diameter of 40 - 60 nanometres and are therefore among the smaller viruses. They show an icosahedral capsid structure and are enclosed by an envelope ...
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2.2 Genotypes
The term of "BVD virus" (BVDV) comprises a group of viruses which differ in their nucleotide sequence, antigenic qualities and in their effect on the host cell. There are two genotypes (BVDV-1 and BVDV-2)...
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2.3 Biotypes
While genotypes are different in their genomes, biotypes can be identified on the basis of phenotypic characteristics. BVDV can exhibit two different biotypes: a cytopathic one (cp BVDV) and a non-cytopathic one (ncp BVDV)...
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2.4 The BVD-Genome
Pestiviruses have a positive sense single stranded RNA genome [ss (+) RNA]. The BVDV genome has a size of approximately 12'500 nucleotides, the sequence of which is known since 1988...
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2.5 Replication
The replication of the BVD virus is similar to the replication of other positive-stranded RNA viruses: binding to surface-receptors, entry into the cytoplasm, release of the RNA, synthesis of RNA and proteins, assembly of viral parts and virus release. The replication cycle takes about 10 hours...
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