Bovine viral diarrhoea has for decades regularly been in the headlines as an economically significant disease of cattle. It is aviral disease (i.e. a disease caused by a virus) that appears in different forms. A majority of BVD infections are without symptoms, i.e. their occurrence is not noticed by the farmer, some animals, however suffer from severe diarrhoea, fever, nasal and ocular discharge as well as  erosions at the muzzle. Naturally, milder forms of the disease can also occur. Mucosal disease, which is generally dreaded, is the most severe form and is always lethal. It occurs exclusively in so-called persistently infected animals, i.e. in animals that harbour and shed the virus throughout their lives.
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5.1 Acute infections
BVD has many faces. The course of infection depends on the state of the affected animal (immunity, gestation) as well as on the virus strain causing the infection. In a naive animal, BVD will cause an acute infection. Depending on the pathogenetic properties of the virus, it will be mild or severe...
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5.2 Mucosal Disease
MD is in the majority of cases diagnosed on the basis of anorexia, raised temperature, therapy-resistant watery or bloody diarrhoea, serous to muco-purulent nasal secretion and cough...
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6.1 Laboratory diagnostics
Laboratory diagnostic procedures should not be done without prior detailed clinical-epidemiological investigations. It is important to always include the entire herd and also to bear in mind that the unborn animals play a significant role with regard to the chain of infection...
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6.2 Serum neutralisation test
The virus neutralisation test (SNT) is accepted as the „gold standard“ for BVD antibody detection. It is suitable for the detection and quantification of BVD-specific antibodies in serum...
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6.3 Antibody-ELISA
The ELISA measures antigen-antibody binding qualitatively and quantitatively. SNT only tests for neutralizing antibodies, whereas the ELISA also tests for non-neutralizing antibodies...
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